2020-10-23 09:55:44
ROME — The Vatican said on Thursday that it had extended an agreement with Beijing over the appointment of bishops in China, weeks after Secretary of State Mike Pompeo traveled to the Vatican on an unsuccessful mission to kill it.
罗马——梵蒂冈周四表示，已延长了与北京达成的让中国任命主教的临时协议。几周前，美国国务卿迈克·庞皮欧(Mike Pompeo)曾前往梵蒂冈阻止协议的延长，但未成功。
The announcement renewed for another two years a historic agreement struck in 2018 that ended a decades-old power struggle over the right to appoint bishops in China, despite concerns over religious liberty and human rights in the country.
这一声明将2018年达成的一项历史性协议延长了两年。该协议结束了几十年来中国主教任命权的权力之争，尽管中国的宗教自由和人权状况令人担忧。
The deal calls for China to formally recognize the pope’s authority within the Roman Catholic Church and his final say over the country’s bishops. The Vatican in turn recognized the legitimacy of bishops previously appointed by the Chinese government and excommunicated by the church.
协议要求中国正式承认教宗在罗马天主教会中的权威，以及他对中国主教的最终决定权。作为交换，梵蒂冈承认了中国政府以前任命并被教会开除了教籍的主教的合法性。
Beyond that, the details of the agreement have been kept largely confidential, to the dismay of some critics of Pope Francis.
除了这些，协议的其他细节基本上保密，这让教宗方济各(Pope Francis)的一些批评者感到失望。
“The Holy See considers the initial application of the Agreement — which is of great ecclesial and pastoral value — to have been positive, thanks to good communication and cooperation between the parties on the matters agreed upon,” the Vatican said in a statement, adding that the Holy See “intends to pursue an open and constructive dialogue for the benefit of the life of the Catholic Church and the good of Chinese people.”
“得益于缔约双方在商定事项方面的良好沟通与合作、考虑到上述具有重大教会和牧灵价值的协议的启动执行是积极的，圣座有意继续开放性的和建设性的对话，从而促进天主教会的生活和中国人民的利益，”梵蒂冈在公告中说。
The continuation of the agreement and cooperation between the two states has led some Vatican experts to consider it a critical step on the road to diplomatic relations with Beijing, which could mean the Vatican cutting ties with Taiwan.
梵蒂冈与中国的协议及合作的继续，让一些梵蒂冈专家认为，这是走向与北京建立外交关系道路上的关键一步，与北京建交意味着梵蒂冈与台湾断绝关系。
On Thursday, the Foreign Ministry in Taiwan said that the Holy See had often made it clear the deal was pastoral, and not political, in nature, while noting that it had expressed its “concern and position” while maintaining close contacts.
台湾外交部周四说，圣座曾经常明确地表示，该协议的性质是牧灵，而非政治。他同时指出，台湾在与罗马教廷保持密切接触的同时，已向后者表达了自己的“关切和立场”。
Previewing the deal’s announcement on Wednesday, Pietro Parolin, the Vatican’s secretary of state and its second-ranking official after the pope, said talk of diplomatic relations was premature.
梵蒂冈国务卿、仅次于教宗的二号官员彼得罗·帕罗林(Pietro Parolin)周三对协议的宣布情况做扼要介绍时说，现在谈外交关系还为时过早。
Zhao Lijian, a spokesman for the Chinese Foreign Ministry, said, “After friendly negotiations, China and the Vatican decided to extend the temporary agreement on the appointment of bishops for two years.”
中国外交部发言人赵立坚说，“中国同梵蒂冈经友好协商，决定将关于主教任命的临时性协议延期两年。”
“The two sides will continue to maintain close communication and consultations, and continue to promote the process of improving relations,” he added.
“双方将继续保持密切沟通和磋商，持续推动改善关系进程，”他补充说。
The pope and the Vatican have portrayed the deal as a step in a long journey to better provide for the pastoral needs of Catholics in China, the world’s most populous nation, where the growth of Protestantism is far outpacing Catholicism.
教宗和梵蒂冈称，这项协议是更好地满足中国天主教徒牧灵需要的漫长道路上的一步。中国是世界上人口最多的国家，新教在中国的发展速度远远超过天主教。
“Today already, for the first time in many decades, all the bishops in China are in communion with the Bishop of Rome and, thanks to the implementation of the Agreement, there won’t be any more illegitimate ordinations,” read a supplemental note on the deal released in the Vatican’s official newspaper, L’Osservatore Romano.
“今天，在中国的所有主教已经于数十年后首次与罗马主教共融，而且藉著协议的实施，将不再有非法祝圣的情况，”公告附加的一篇梵蒂冈官方报纸《罗马观察报》(L’Osservatore Romano)发表的文章说。
The note said that two bishops, Msgr. Antonio Yao Shun of Jining, an autonomous region of Inner Mongolia, and Msgr. Stefano Xu Hongwei of Hanzhong, in the central province of Shaanxi, had been appointed in accordance with the agreement. Other ordinations were in progress, the note said, though the pandemic has slowed things down.
这篇文章说，已经按照协议任命了两名新主教，分别是内蒙古自治区的集宁教区主教姚顺（圣名安多尼）和中部陕西省的汉中教区主教胥红伟（圣名斯德望）。文章说，新主教任命的其他几个程序也在进行中，但受疫情大流行影响有所放缓。
“Statistically, this may not look like a great result,” the note said. “It represents, however, a good start.”
“在数据上可能让人觉得没有重大成果，然而，在希望能逐渐达到其它积极的目标上，这是一个良好的开端，”文章说。
The agreement has engendered opposition from conservatives in the church who argue that it sells out those who have suffered for decades in China’s underground Catholic Church, because those faithful had refused to recognize bishops appointed by the Communist government and not by Rome. The agreement, they argue, effectively condones China’s religious liberty and human rights violations.
中梵协议引发了教会保守派人士的反对，他们认为，该协议出卖了那些数十年来受苦受难的中国地下天主教会的人，因为这些信徒拒绝承认由中共政府而非罗马任命的主教。反对者提出理由说，协议相当于纵容中国侵犯宗教自由和人权的行为。
The Vatican newspaper pointed out that popes before Francis had sought deeper relations with China and that the work on the current agreement began under his predecessor, Benedict XVI.
梵蒂冈报纸指出，方济各之前的几位教宗也曾寻求与中国建立更深层次的关系，目前这份协议的工作是在方济各的前任本笃十六世(Benedict XVI)任内开始的。
The agreement, it argued, was “exclusively the matter of bishops’ appointments” and did not broach other issues “that still cause worry for the Church.”
文章称，临时协议“唯一涉及的是主教任命问题”，不涉及其他“尚未解决的问题或仍引起教会不安的情况”。
Archbishop Paul Gallagher, the Vatican foreign minister, had stressed “human rights” in his conversations with the Chinese foreign secretary, the paper said. “The Holy See is deeply aware of them, takes them into much account,” it added, “and doesn’t fail to draw the Chinese government’s attention to favor a more fruitful exercise of religious freedom.”
该报称，梵蒂冈外交部长保罗·加拉格尔大主教(Archbishop Paul Gallagher)在与中国外交部长的对话中强调了“人权”。“圣座完全了解这种情况，并予以认真考虑，在促使宗教自由更有成效的实行上唤起中国政府的注意，”文章还说。
In the prelude to negotiations over the agreement, hackers presumed by cybersecurity experts to be working for the Chinese state appeared to have infiltrated the Vatican’s computer networks. The Vatican moved ahead with talks regardless and, in its statement, preferred to emphasize the meetings between top Vatican diplomats and their Chinese counterparts.
在协议谈判的前期，网络安全专家认为为中国政府工作的黑客似乎侵入了梵蒂冈的计算机网络。梵蒂冈没有理会这个问题，而是继续进行谈判，并在其公告中强调了梵蒂冈高级外交官与中国同行的多次会晤。
The Vatican said that the actual substance and details of the deal would remain secret and “given its experimental nature, was kept confidential by mutual consent.”
梵蒂冈表示，临时协议的实际内容和细节将保密，“鉴于协议的实验性质，双方同意保守秘密。”
That bothered some critics.
这让一些批评人士感到不安。
“My main objection to the agreement is we don’t know what it is,” the American cardinal Raymond Burke, the de facto leader of critics of Pope Francis inside the church, said in a brief interview before greeting Mr. Pompeo at an event organized by the U.S. Embassy to the Vatican last month.
“我反对这项协议的主要原因是我们不知道它包括什么，”美国枢机主教雷蒙德·伯克(Raymond Burke)上个月出席美国大使馆在梵蒂冈举办的欢迎庞皮欧来访的活动前接受简短采访时说。伯克在教会内部的教宗批评者中地位相当于领袖。
In September, Mr. Pompeo angered some of the Vatican’s top officials, including those negotiating with the Chinese, by publicly calling on the church to break off talks with China to preserve its moral standing. The fact that he chose a conservative Christian magazine critical of the pope to air his grievances did not engender much sympathy among the church’s leaders.
庞皮欧曾在今年9月公开呼吁教会维护自己的道德地位，停止与中国的谈判，此举激怒了梵蒂冈的一些高级官员，包括那些与中国进行谈判的官员。庞皮欧选择了一家对教宗持批评态度的保守基督教杂志来表达自己的不满，这一事实并没有在教会领导人中引起太多的同情。
The Vatican brushed off Mr. Pompeo, who was denied a meeting with the pope. Mr. Pompeo’s appeals for Francis to follow the model of John Paul II, who famously stood up to Communism but also practiced realpolitik, were considered inside the Vatican as electioneering.
梵蒂冈没有理睬庞皮欧，教宗拒绝与他见面。庞皮欧呼吁方济各效仿约翰保罗二世(John Paul II)的做法。约翰保罗二世以反对共产主义而闻名，但也玩弄实用政治，梵蒂冈内部视他的做法为拉选票。
“Some sectors of international politics have tried to analyze the work of the Holy See mainly according to a geopolitical” consideration, a note in the Vatican newspaper read, insisting that the deal was purely a church matter that could, in creating a spirit of communication, be “to the advantage of the entire international community.”
“国际政治界的一些方面尝试以地缘政治学为主来分析圣座的工作，”梵蒂冈报纸上的文章说。文章坚称协议完全是教会问题，在创造一种交流的精神上有利于“整个国际社会的公益”。
Jason Horowitz是罗马分社社长，报道意大利、梵蒂冈、希腊及南欧其他地方的新闻。他此前对2016年总统大选、奥巴马政府及国会均做过报道，重点关注政治人物报道及特写。
翻译：纽约时报中文网
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